LOK SABHA

LOK SABHA

Lok Sabha is composed of representatives of the people chosen by direct election on the basis of the adult suffrage. The maximum strength of the House envisaged by the Constitution is 552, which is made up by election of upto 530 members to represent the States, upto 20 members to represent the Union Territories and not more than two members of the Anglo-Indian Community to be nominated by the Hon'ble President, if,  in his/her opinion, that community is not adequately represented in the House. The total elective membership is distributed among the States in such a way that the ratio between the number of seats allotted to each State and the population of the State is, so far as practicable, the same for all States.

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HISTORY OF LOK SABHA

A major portion of the Indian subcontinent was under British rule from 1858 to 1947. During this period, the office of the Secretary of State for India was the authority through whom British Parliament exercised its rule in the Indian sub-continent, and the office of Viceroy of India was created, along with an Executive Council in India, consisting of high officials of the British government. The Indian Councils Act 1861 provided for a Legislative Council consisting of the members of the Executive Council and non-official members. The Indian Councils Act 1892 established legislatures in each of the provinces of British India and increased the powers of the Legislative Council. Although these Acts increased the representation of Indians in the government, their power still remained limited, and the electorate very small. The Indian Councils Act 1909 and the Government of India Act 1919 further expanded the participation of Indians in the administration. The Government of India Act 1935 introduced provincial autonomy and proposed a federal structure in India. The Indian Independence Act 1947, passed by the British parliament on 18 July 1947, divided British India  into two new independent countries, India and Pakistan, which were to be dominions under the Crown until they had each enacted a new constitution. The Constituent Assembly was divided into two for the separate nations, with each new Assembly having sovereign powers transferred to it for the respective dominion.

The Constitution of India was adopted on 26 November 1949 and came into effect on 26 January 1950, proclaiming India to be a sovereign, democratic republic. This contained the founding principles of the law of the land which would govern India in its new form, which now included all the princely states which had not acceded to Pakistan.

According to Article 79 (Part V-The Union.) of the Constitution of India, the Parliament of India consists of the President of India and the two Houses of Parliament known as the Council of States (Rajya Sabha) and the House of the People (Lok Sabha).^[12]

The Lok Sabha (House of the People) was duly constituted for the first time on 17 April 1952 after the first General Elections held from 25 October 1951 to 21 February 1952.

Sessions of Lok Sabha

Sessions	Commenced Date	Prime Minister
First	13 May 1952	Jawaharlal Nehru
Second	April 1957	Jawaharlal Nehru
Third	April 1962	Jawaharlal Nehru and Lal Bahadur Shastri
Fourth	March 1967	Indira Gandhi
Fifth	March 1971	Indira Gandhi
Sixth	March 1977	Morarji Desai and Charan Singh
Seventh	January 1980	Indira Gandhi
Eighth	December 1984	Rajiv Gandhi
Ninth	December 1989	V. P. Singh and Chandra Shekhar
Tenth	June 1991	P. V. Narasimha Rao
Eleventh	May 1996	Atal Bihari Vajpayee, H. D. Deve Gowda and I. K. Gujral
Twelfth	March 1998	Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Thirteenth	October 1999	Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Fourteenth	May 2004	Manmohan Singh
Fifteenth	May 2009	Manmohan Singh
Sixteenth	May 2014	Narendra Modi
Seventeenth	May 2019	Narendra Modi